Articles


 

Realization of Human Flourishing by Integration of the Islamic East ýand the Materialistic West

  Dr Mahmud Abul-Huda Al Husaini
 

According to Islamic perspective, man is considered of two elements, the ýmaterial and the spiritual. However the materialists deny the role of the ýspirit, man can never achieve flourishing unless the two elements in him ýbe integrated. When man becomes advanced in material cultural means, ýhe approaches material perfection. On the other hand, when he is ýelevated in his virtuous moral principles, he becomes nearer to spiritual ýperfection. Consequently, by joining the two sides, human flourishing can ýbe realized on the earth. ý

The following verse demonstrates the call of Islam to the two sides of ýthis flourishing. The Exalted Allah said: "And there are men who say: ýý'Our Lord! Give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and ýdefend us from the torment of the fire', To these will be allotted what ýthey have earned" (Al Baqarah, 201-202).ý

The Exalted Allah motivates man to realize material development. He ýsaid "It is He Who has produced you from the earth and settled you ýtherein" (Hud, 61).ý

He also wants man to attain abstract promotion as well. He said: "but do ýgood, as Allah has been good to you, and seek not {occasions for} ýmischief in the land. For Allah does not loveþ þthose who do mischief" (Al ýQasas, 77).ý

While the Islamic East is negligent in answering the call of Islam to ýdevelop the land and reconstruct it, the material development in the West ýhas achieved today a great deal of it.ý

But the failure of the East in material development is contrasted with that ýof the West concerning attaining abstract moral promotion. schools in the ýWest that seek morality, as well as Western philosophical concepts, try to ýrepair the crevice that has taken place in the social construction, but they ýfail to attain a virtuous level that Heavenly knowledge calls for, a ýknowledge conveyed by the Messengers of Allah to all mankind. Finally, ýthis knowledge of all the Messengers was collected and preserved to be ýsent by the Seal of Messengers , Muhammad (pbuh). ý

However, a great deal of human ethical dilemmas in the West stay ýunsolved. Caprices are given full rein there, and self-desires on ýindividual as well as social levels are about to uproot the fundamentals of ýmorality and the foundations of justice or sublime human behavior. ý

The organizing constitution of chastity and virtue in the new civilization ýhas been excluded. Licentiousness and sexual deviation become ýcommon in the name of freedom. Legislators of positive laws find no ýwrong with this abnormal state. Most family relations have deteriorated, ýand coherence between previous and subsequent generations have ýbeen disrupted; the relationships between son, father and grandfather ýweaken. On the level of livelihood, there appears terrible social ýdiscrimination due to the lack of mutual compassion and remoteness ýfrom religion. Moreover, the wealthy voted for and blessed their ýgovernments that plunder the wealth of people in weak countries.ý

In the long run, ethical chaos reaches the status of what is called ýý"International Legitimacy" that lacks a lot of the principles of human ýjustice. For example, the Vito, that wealthy countries acted in collusion to ýendorse, discriminates between the nations and gives the strong country ýauthority that the weak one does not have. Moreover, the Security ýCouncil supports the injustice of the oppressors, and disregards the ýinterests of the oppressed nations -- the question of Palestine is not too ýremote from us.ý

This ethical chaos results in international covenants that support social ýconfusion in the name of development and progress. One example is the ýCovenant of Child Rights (UNICEF) which places the parents in ýconstraints that are incompatible with human natural disposition, and ýmakes the rules of education be far away from human balance. ýMoreover, it makes the way open for abnormal practices by teenagers in ýthe name of freedom. ý

Ethical chaos in the West is not limited only to factual individual and ýcollective practices, it also proceeds to invert truths and make the ýdistance between lying and truth close to one another in the 'media ýempire' that seeks military and political interests. Consequently, distorting ýtruth seems a blameless procedure as long as this leads to self-interest, ýfollowing, thereby, the Machiavellian method that the Western policy was ýoriginally founded on.ý

Hence, the necessity of abstract and ethical rescue seems to be a must ýin the West, exactly as the necessity of material rescue that is requisite in ýthe East. By its material means, the West is able to rescue the East, but ýwho is going to save the West from this abstract confusion?ý

Will Buddhism of the East, which calls for some principles of virtue, be ýable to save the West, while it is, itself, lost in superstitions and myths?ý

Or will Judaism (that emphasizes the rules of behavior, but neglects the ýapplication of the soul of love and mercy, and confines itself in its racism ýand nationality), be able to do that ?ý

Contemporary Christianity in the West undergoes the turning away of its ýchildren from it. The rate of religiousness today has greatly decreased in ýthe Western societies. Even those who adhere to Christianity, perform ýtheir religious obligations only at weekends and consider it as a spiritual ýoutlet. Moreover, positive laws have given up their role of leading ýsocieties.ý

Confusing alternatives begin to spread in the West to fill in the spiritual ývacancy, such as conjuration, manufacturing films that deal with ývampires, smothered ghosts that wander here and there, all of which are ýnew phenomena replete with superstitions, and made by man to replace ýthe spiritualism he lacks.ý

At this point, wise people in the West begin to feel the need for Islamic ýreform, the last religion that the Exalted Allah sends to humanity. But the ýobstacles that detain the announcement of this truth are too many. Some ýof which are the following: ý

ý-Traditional fanaticism that makes some deny the light of the sun due to ýfamiliarity with their inherited tradition.ý

ý-Ignorance of the truth of Islam, and the illusion that some have, believing ýthat Islam restricts interests, whereas Islam calls for interests and ýconsiders them essential as long as they are consistent with the principle ýof justice and human equality. Islam is keen on spreading social as well ýas economic justice. For example, if the West adopts the principle of ýZakat (almsgiving) presented by Islam, the great economic crises will ýhave been eliminated from its societies.ý

ý-Some have the illusion that Islam restricts freedom. On the contrary, ýIslam is the religion that adopts individual freedom stipulated by not ýharming the members of society.ý

ý-Some have the illusion of the contradiction between Islam and science, ýthough the Qur'an is full of statements that encourage seeking ýknowledge such as: "know; you should know; see; understand, etc…" . ý

ý- Some have the illusion that Islam is full of hostility and violence by its ývery nature, in spite of the fact that its Messenger is called "Mercy" by the ýExalted Allah.ý

ý-Some believe that there is discrimination between the man and the ýwoman, in spite of the fact that Islam presents unique integration in ýfunctions, and a matchless equilibrium between the two sexes.ý

In addition to the above mentioned obstacles, some would say: ýý"Followers of Islam represent some backward contemporary societies". ýOthers claim that Islam is a historical stage whose role has come to an ýend, and that Islam need not enter the mosque to teach people the rituals ýof worship, and the familiar traditional heritage away from the movements ýand activities of real life.ý

Undoubtedly, the undeveloped reality of the Muslims is a setback in the ýdialogue with the West, for most Muslims are in a state that alternates ýbetween scum, whose relationship with Islam is like the thread of the ýweb, and spiritualism that does not seek a practical cultural way. Most ýoften, most Muslims are ignorant of the truths of the Islamic law. They ýoften give up the means of knowledge. Some of them adopt certain ýillusive and incorrect Ahadith (plural of Hadith, i.e., Prophetic traditions). ýMoreover, poverty and necessity led the weak of them to financial ýaberrations such as bribery, theft, deception and monopoly. Accordingly, ýdisagreement spreads among them due to personal interests and self ýdesires as a result of weakness in faith, lack of truthfulness and sincerity, ýand heedlessness of the ties of brotherhood in the Ummah.ý

Consequently, through the present reality of the Muslims, some people in ýthe West issued a mistaken generalized judgment on Islam. ý

On the other hand, the spread of freedom of thought in the West, and the ýtendency for research of some Westerners, led some to consider Islam ýimpartially and accept it as a human Savior.ý

In this regard, the statements of some free men of thought should be ýnoted, such as that of Prince Bismarck who said: "I have studied the ýHeavenly Book thoroughly, but in them, and as a result of the distortion ýof their contents, I find no real wisdom that guarantees the felicity if ýmankind. On the other hand, I find the Qur'an of Muhammad (pbuh) ýsuperior to all the other holy Books. In each word of it, there is wisdom. ýThere is no other Book that can realize the happiness of mankind like it. ýMoreover, such a Book (the Qur'an), cannot be composed by man. ýThose who claim that it is the words of Muhammad (pbuh) and deny the ýtruth, reject scientific exigencies".1ý

The scholar, Al Nurasi, wondered at those who do not do justice to Islam ýin spite of their need for it. He said: "The enemies of religion who ýunderestimate the value of Islam deserve to be called 'stupid friends' ". 2 ýAn Nurasi did not consider the West as enemy. He rather saw the West ýas a friend because of their humanity. He also believed that the new ýconquests of Islam would not be by means of arms. It would rather be by ýunquestionable definite evidences because cultural superiority usually ýprevails by persuasion.ý

The Islamic East will not be able to be integrated with the materialistic ýWest to achieve joint flourishing unless it is promoted to the human level, ýto enhance the cognitive, cultural, moral and linguistic understanding of ýthe Western culture and the principles of contemporary science. ýMoreover, it has to adopt an institutional method that will be remote from ýindividual personalities, and exchange the old oratorical method for the ýcalm contemporary persuasive method, because the oratorical method ýusually has a great influence on man's feelings, tendencies and desires. ýMoreover, it may deceive the listener by means of the art of photography ýand the excellence of embellishment. ý

On the other hand, the intellectual persuasive method is usually based ýon ideas and proofs. By its objectivity, it can attain truth. In dialogue, it is ýalso essential to present a definition of our Master, Muhammad (pbuh) ýwho is not sent from the East to antagonize the West, as the ignorant ýimagine. He is rather sent to the whole world as a means of mercy, ýjustice and virtue. No one who knew the honored Prophet, whether a ýRoman, a Persian, an Ethiopian, a Turkish or an Arab, but adored and ýloved him. ý

In conclusion, I'd like to say:ý

A true project of integration between the Islamic East and the materialistic ýWest is prerequisite. It should be executed by the volunteers of love, not ýby commandoes of hostility. They should comprehend the meaning of ýhuman flourishing and do their best to realize it. They should understand ýthe dimensions of the new changes and all recently developed cultures ýin the world. ý

This project should get out of the framework of regionalism and racism, ýand be based on mutual esteem and reverence in the dialogue to attain ýthe level of human internationality.ý